12.3 References

  1. Lindberg, S.E., G.R. Southworth, M.A. Bogle, T.J. Blasing, J. Owens, K. Roy, H. Zhang, T. Kuiken, J. Price, D. Reinhart, and H. Sfeir. 2005. Airborne Emission of Mercury from Municipal Solid Waste. I: New Measurements from Six Operating Landfills in Florida. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 55: 859-869.
  2. Rathore, M., Singh, A., & Pant, V. A. 2012. The Dental Amalgam Toxicity Fear: A Myth or Actuality. Toxicology International, 19(2), 81–88.
  3. Vandeven, J.A. and S.L. McGinnis. 2005. An Assessment of Mercury in the Form of Amalgam in Dental Wastewater in the United States. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 164:349-366.
  4. Virta, R. 2013. US Geological Survey. Personal communication with David Cooley, Abt Associates, August 21, 2013.
  5. IMERC, 2015. IMERC Fact Sheet – Formulated Mercury-Added Products.
  6. Thermostat Recycling Corporation. 2018. About.
  7. US EPA. 2016. Phasing out of Mercury Thermometers Used in Industrial and Laboratory Settings.
  8. U.S. EPA. 2023. Landfill Methane Outreach Program.
  9. End of Life Vehicle Solutions Corporation. 2018a. Collection Reporting.
  10. End of Life Vehicle Solution Solutions Corporation. 2018b. Estimating Population of Mercury Convenience Light Switches.
  11. Freedonia Group, 2013. Industry Study 3054 Lamps.
  12. Buildings.com, 2008. Fluorescent Lamps 101.
  13. Bulbs.com. Learning Center. What Does Average Rated Life Mean?
  14. Silveira, Geraldo TR, and Shoou-Yuh Chang, 2010. Fluorescent lamp recycling initiatives in the United States and a recycling proposal based on extended producer responsibility and product stewardship concepts. Waste Management & Research, 29(6):656-668.
  15. NEWMOA. 2015a. IMERC Fact Sheet Mercury Use in Dental Amalgam.
  16. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. 2013. Dental Caries (Tooth Decay).
  17. American Dental Association (ADA). 1998. Dental Amalgam: Update on Safety Concerns. Journal of the American Dental Association, 129:494:503.
  18. Food and Drug Administration. 2017. About Dental Amalgam Fillings.
  19. Leopold, B.R. 2002. Use and Release of Mercury in the United States. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Report EPA/600/R-02/104.
  20. Natural Resources Defense Council, Product Stewardship Institute, Clean Water Fund, and Mercury Policy Project. 2013. Turning Up the Heat II: Exposing the continued failures of the manufacturers’ thermostat recycling program.
  21. NEWMOA. 2015b. IMERC Fact Sheet Mercury Use in Measuring Devices.
  22. US EPA. 2023. Inventory of Mercury Supply, Use and Trade in the United States: 2023 Report.
  23. King, S. et al. May 2008. Reducing Mercury in the Northeast United States. EM Magazine. Air and Waste Management Association.
  24. US Census Bureau, 2023. County Business Patterns.
  25. Babineau, I., Wu, C.Y., Jackson, A., Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. “Emission Factor Development for Mercury Emitted From Municipal Solid Waste during Processing and Handling.” In proceedings of the 109th Annual Meeting of the A&WMA, New Orleans, LA. June 2016.
  26. US EPA. 2007. Mercury Switches in Motor Vehicles; Significant New Use Rule.
  27. Griffith, C., et al. 2001. Toxics in Vehicles: Mercury. A Report by Ecology Center, Great Lakes United, and University of Tennessee Center for Clean Products and Clean Technologies.
  28. Goonan, T.G. 2006. Mercury Flow Through the Mercury-Containing Lamp Sector of the Economy of the United States. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5264.
  29. Li, Y. and L. Jin. 2011. Environmental Release of Mercury from Broken Compact Fluorescent Lamps. Environmental Engineering Science, 28:687-691.
  30. Arendt, J. and J.F. Katers. 2013. Compact fluorescent lighting in Wisconsin: elevated atmospheric emission and landfill deposition post-EISA implementation. Waste Management and Research, 0:1-12.
  31. Singhvi, R, A. Taneja, V. Kansal, C.J. Gasser, and D.J. Kalnicky. 2011. Determination of Total Metallic Mercury in Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs). Environmental Forensics, 12:143-148.
  32. Aucott, M., M. McLinden, and M. Winka. 2004. Release of Mercury from Broken Fluorescent Bulbs. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Environmental Assessment and Risk Analysis Element, Research Project Summary.
  33. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). 2005. Fluorescent and other Mercury-Containing Lamps and the Environment.
  34. Cain, A., S. Disch, C. Twaroski, J. Reindl, and C.R. Case. 2007. Substance Flow Analysis of Mercury Intentionally Used in Products in the United States. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11: 61-75.
  35. US EPA. 1997. Mercury Study Report to Congress, Volume II: An Inventory of Anthropogenic Mercury Emissions in the United States.
  36. Richardson, G.M., R. Wilson, D. Allard, C. Purtill, S. Douma, and J. Graviere. 2011. Mercury exposure and risks from dental amalgam in the US population, post-2000. Science of the Total Environment, 409:4257-4268.
  37. UNEP. 2019. Chapter 3 E-Annex: Methodology for estimating mercury emissions to air and results of the 2015 global emissions inventory. Technical Background Report to the Global Mercury Assessment 2018, p. 3-31.